Saturday, September 12, 2020

Jasper County’s Only Double Hanging

After Castille Stapleton (alias Ralph Long) and Sterling Jackson were arrested on suspicion of killing Carthage storekeeper George Babcock in April of 1922, they revealed that they’d first gotten acquainted at the Missouri State Penitentiary a couple of years earlier. Jackson got sent to Jefferson City in December of 1918 on a burglary conviction from Jackson County when he was twenty-one years old. Stapleton, twenty-two, joined Jackson at the big house six months later, also on a burglary charge from Jackson County. Stapleton was released in September of 1921, and Jackson had his term commuted in early March 1922.
If part of the purpose of incarceration is meant to be rehabilitation, the program failed miserably in Stapleton’s and Jackson’s cases. Their time in lockup seems to have had the opposite effect. Almost as soon as Jackson was released, the two men got together in Kansas City and decided to go into “the hold-up business.” Shortly after forming their “partnership,” they stuck up a taxicab driver in Kansas City and then absconded to Pittsburg, Kansas. From there, they came to Joplin on Saturday, April 8, and rented a room on Kentucky Avenue. That night they traveled to Carthage looking for a hold-up target.
About ten o’clock, the desperate pair walked into Babcock’s store on East Central Avenue with their faces uncovered. Jackson carried a knife, and Stapleton was packing a pistol. According to bystander Fred Beard, Jackson bought some tobacco and then asked for soda pop. When Babcock started toward the rear of the store to retrieve it, Jackson followed him, and Stapleton also shuffled in that direction. At the rear of the store, Jackson grabbed Babcock from behind and demanded money, but Babcock spun around and began scuffling with his assailant. Stapleton drew his revolver and ordered Beard to throw up his hands. After the customer complied, Stapleton also ordered Babcock to stick up his hands, and when he did not promptly obey, Stapleton fired a single shot that struck the storekeeper in the neck. He died soon afterward.
The robbers fled through an alley and walked all the way back to Joplin. Officers arrested Stapleton and Jackson at the Kentucky Avenue address just minutes after the pair arrived on Sunday morning.
Stapleton, still going by the name Ralph Long, and Jackson were taken to the Joplin Police station, where they gave confessions and Stapleton revealed his real name. The next day, Monday, the prisoners were arraigned in Joplin on first-degree murder charges, and they pleaded not guilty.
Fearing mob violence, authorities moved the prisoners to Miami, Oklahoma, and then Springfield, Missouri. As lynch fever subsided, the accused murderers were brought back from Springfield and placed in jail at Carthage.
Stapleton’s trial got underway on May 1 in Division 2 of Jasper County Circuit Court at Joplin. Fred Beard, the customer who’d been in Babcock’s store on the night of the crime, was the star witness for the prosecution. He positively identified Stapleton as the shooter. The only defense by Stapleton’s lawyers was a plea to spare their client’s life, but the jury found Stapleton guilty and recommended the death penalty.  
Sterling Jackson’s trial began in Division 1 of the same court on May 3, the day after Stapleton’s concluded. Prosecution testimony was virtually the same as it had been for Stapleton’s trial, and the defense again offered no witnesses, although Jackson’s attorneys made a strong plea to spare his life. After considerable deliberation, the Jackson jury, like Stapleton’s, found the defendant guilty and recommended the death penalty. Defense attorneys for both prisoners filed motions for new trials, but both motions were overruled on May 13. The two were sentenced to hang on June 23, 1922, but appeals automatically stayed their executions.
On June 21, 1923, the Missouri Supreme Court affirmed the lower court’s verdicts, and the execution date  for both men was set for dawn on August 3. Plans called for them to hang simultaneously on a double scaffold erected just west of the county jail surrounded by a stockade to keep out uninvited spectators.
On Tuesday night, July 31, Stapleton made an eleventh-hour appeal to the Missouri governor to save his partner’s life. He claimed that neither he nor Jackson got a fair trial. He said that if he and Jackson had been white, they might have received life imprisonment but not death sentences, and he cited the recent case of a young white man named Tucker who’d killed William Spain in Carthage and received life imprisonment. He said he and Jackson were not given an opportunity to plead guilty in exchange for lesser sentences as Tucker had been. If the governor didn’t give both of them a stay, all Stapleton asked was for him to commute the sentence of Jackson, who had nothing to do with the actual killing. The governor, however, decided not to intervene.  
Early Friday morning, August 3, 1923, Stapleton and Jackson, with their arms already bound, were led from their cells to the scaffold via a walkway through a west window of the jail. After the nooses and caps were adjusted around the men’s necks and heads, Sheriff Harry Mead pulled a lever that sprung both traps simultaneously, and Stapleton and Jackson dropped to their deaths together at 4:56 a.m.
This blog entry is condensed from a chapter in my latest book, Midnight Assassinations and Other Evildoings: A Criminal History of Jasper County, Mo.

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